第23章 · 原文
现代白话译文
少说话是合乎自然的。所以狂风刮不了一早晨，暴雨下不了一整天。谁使它这样的呢？天地。天地都不能长久，何况人呢？所以从事于道的人，就与道相同；从事于德的人，就与德相同；从事于失道失德的人，就与失道失德相同。与道相同的人，道也乐于得到他；与德相同的人，德也乐于得到他；与失道失德相同的人，失道失德也乐于得到他。诚信不足，就有不相信。
多版本对照
王弼注（魏晋）
听之不闻名曰希．下章言．道之出言．淡兮其无味也．视之不足见．听之不足闻．然则无味不足听之言．乃是自然之至言也．言暴疾美兴不长也．从事谓举动从事于道者也．道以无形无为成济万物．故从事于道者以无为为君．不言为教．绵绵若存．而物得其眞．与道同体．故曰同于道．得少也．少则得故曰得也．行得则与得同体．故曰同于得也．失累多也．累多则失．故曰失也．行失则与失同体．故曰同于失也．言随其所行．故同而应之．忠信不足于下．焉有不信焉.
河上公注（汉）
希言自然者，希言者，爱言也。天道无为，听物自然，飘风不终朝，骤雨不终日，尚不能久，况人乎？
王夫之《老子衍》（明末清初）
天地違其和，則能天，能地，而不能久。人違其和，則能得，能失，而不能同。暢於陽，鬱於陰；暢於陰，鬱於陽。言過則跲，樂極則悲；一心數變，寢寐自驚。不知廣大一同，多所不信，坐失常道，何望自然哉？凡道皆道，凡德皆德，凡失皆失。道德樂游於同，久亦奚渝？喜怒不至，何風雨之愆乎？
憨山德清《老子道德经解》（明）
此章言聖人忘言體道，與時俱化也。希，少也。希言，猶寡言也。以前云多言數窮，不如守中。由其勉強好辯，去道轉遠，不能合乎自然。惟希言者，合乎自然耳。向下以飄風不終朝，驟雨不終日，以比好辯者之不能久。然好辯者，蓋出憤激不平之氣。如飄風驟雨，亦乃天地不平之氣。非不迅激如人，特無終朝之久。且天地不平之氣，尚不能久，而況於人乎。此甚言辯之不足恃也。蓋好辯者，只為信道不篤，不能從事於道，未得玄同故耳。惟聖人從事於道，妙契玄同，無入而不自得。故在於有道者，則同於道。在於有德者，則同於德。失者，指世俗無道德者。謂至於世俗庸人，亦同於俗。即所謂呼我以牛，以牛應之，呼我以馬，以馬應之，無可不可。且同於道德，固樂得之。即同於世俗，亦樂而自得。此無他，蓋自信之真，雖不言，而世人亦未有不信者。且好辯之徒，曉曉多言，強聾而不休，人轉不信。此無他，以自信不足，所以人不信耳。
马王堆帛书异文（西汉）
希言自然。飘风不终朝，暴雨不终日。
郭店楚简异文（战国）
此章缺
English Translations / 英文译本
Nature speaks few words. A gale does not blow the whole morning, a rainstorm does not last the whole day. Who does this? Heaven and earth. If even heaven and earth cannot make things last long, how much less can man? Therefore, one who follows the way becomes one with the way. One who follows virtue becomes one with virtue. One who follows loss becomes one with loss. One who becomes one with the way is welcomed by the way. One who becomes one with virtue is welcomed by virtue. One who becomes one with loss is welcomed by loss. When there is not enough faith, there is lack of faith.
Nature speaks few words. A gale does not blow the whole morning, a rainstorm does not last the whole day. Who does this? Heaven and earth. If even heaven and earth cannot make things last long, how much less can man? Therefore, one who follows the way becomes one with the way. One who follows virtue becomes one with virtue. One who follows loss becomes one with loss. One who becomes one with the way is welcomed by the way. One who becomes one with virtue is welcomed by virtue. One who becomes one with loss is welcomed by loss. When there is not enough faith, there is lack of faith.
Nature speaks few words. A whirlwind does not last the morning, a rainstorm does not last the day. Who makes this? Heaven and earth. If heaven and earth cannot last long, how can humans? Therefore those who follow the way become one with the way. Those who follow virtue become one with virtue. Those who follow loss become one with loss. Those who become one with the way, the way gladly welcomes them. Those who become one with virtue, virtue gladly welcomes them. Those who become one with loss, loss gladly welcomes them. If trust is insufficient, there is distrust.