第69章 · 原文
用兵有言:吾不敢为主,而为客;不敢进寸,而退尺。是谓行无行;攘无臂;扔无敌;执无兵。祸莫大于轻敌,轻敌几丧吾宝。故抗兵相若,哀者胜矣。
现代白话译文

用兵的人曾说:我不敢主动进攻,而采取防守;不敢前进一寸,而要后退一尺。这就是说:虽然有阵势,却像没有阵势可摆;虽然要奋臂,却像没有手臂可举;虽然要对抗,却像没有敌人可对;虽然要拿着兵器,却像没有兵器可拿。灾祸没有比轻敌更大的了,轻敌几乎丧失了我的三宝。所以两军对垒力量相当时,悲愤的一方会获胜。

多版本对照
王弼注(魏晋)

进遂不止.行谓行陈也.言以谦退爱慈.不敢为物先.用战犹行无行.攘无臂.执无兵.扔无敌也.言无有与之抗也.言吾哀慈谦退.非欲以取强无敌于天下也.不得已而卒至于无敌.斯乃吾之所以为大祸也.宝三宝也.故曰几亡吾宝.抗举也.若当也.哀者必相惜而不趣利避害故必胜.

河上公注(汉)

用兵有言者,古之善用兵者有言也。吾不敢为主者,我不敢为主而为客也。

王夫之《老子衍》(明末清初)

居道之宮,非「主」非「客」;乘道之機,亦「進」亦「退」。而「主」不知「客」,「客」能知「主」,繇其相知,因以測非「主」非「客」之用;「進」無「退」地,「退」有「進」地,因其餘地,遂以襲亦「進」亦「退」之妙。「主客」之間有宮焉,「進退」之外有用焉。「無行」、「無臂」、「無敵」、」無兵」者,如斯也。遠死地而致「微明」,不「勝」其何俟焉?欲猝得此機而不能,將如之何?無亦姑反其勢而用其情乎!以「哀」行其「不得已」,所以斂吾怒而不喪吾「三寶」也。

憨山德清《老子道德经解》(明)

此言聖人善於下人,以明不爭之德,釋上三寶之意也。一章主意,只在善用人者為之下一句。乃假兵家戰勝之事,以形容其慈,乃不爭之至耳。士者,介胄之士。武者,武勇。然士以武為主。戰以怒為主。勝敵以爭為主。三者又以氣為主。況善於為士者不用武。善於戰者不在怒。善勝敵者不必爭。即前所云以慈用兵也。意謂武怒爭三者,獨兵事所必用。若用之而必死,故善者皆不用。何況常人,豈可恃之以為用耶。乃驕矜恃氣,不肯下人,故人不樂其用,乃不善用人耳。故古之善用人者,必為之下,即此是謂不爭之德也。若以力驅人,能驅幾何。若以下驅人,則天下歸之。是以下用人,最有力也。所謂上善若水,水善利萬物而不爭,以其有力也。是謂配天古之極者。乾天,坤地。若天地正位,則為否,而萬物不生。若乾下坤上,則為泰。是知天在上而用在下也。聖人處民上而心在下,可謂配天之德。此古皇維極之道,置百姓於熙皞至樂之中。斯豈不爭之德以治天下,而為力之大者與。此章主意,全在不用氣上做工夫。即前云專氣致柔,能如嬰兒。純和之至,則形化而心忘。不見物為對,則不期下而自下矣。殆非有心要下,而為用人之術也。然學人有志於謙德,則必尊而光,況聖人無我之至乎。

马王堆帛书异文(西汉)

用兵有言曰:吾不敢为主而为客,不敢进寸而退尺。

帛书本'善为士者不武'作'善为士者不武','善战者不怒'作'善战者不怒'。
郭店楚简异文(战国)

此章缺

郭店本此章内容不全。
English Translations / 英文译本

The words of strategy are: I dare not be the host but rather the guest. I dare not advance an inch but rather retreat a foot. This is called marching without marching, rolling up sleeves without arms, grasping without weapons, confronting without enemies. No disaster is greater than underestimating the enemy. Underestimating the enemy nearly loses my treasures. Therefore when armies oppose each other, the grieving one will win.

The words of strategy are: I dare not be the host but rather the guest. I dare not advance an inch but rather retreat a foot. This is called marching without marching, rolling up sleeves without arms, grasping without weapons, confronting without enemies. No disaster is greater than underestimating the enemy. Underestimating the enemy nearly loses my treasures. Therefore when armies oppose each other, the grieving one will win.

The words of strategy are: I dare not be the host but rather the guest. I dare not advance an inch but rather retreat a foot. This is called marching without marching, rolling up sleeves without arms, grasping without weapons, confronting without enemies. No disaster is greater than underestimating the enemy. Underestimating the enemy nearly loses my treasures. Therefore when armies oppose each other, the grieving one will win.